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Describe the environmental impact of intelligent systems including heating systems, traffic control and car management systems
Intelligent systems are computer systems that make use of artificial intelligence to imitate human intelligence.
They are used to perform tasks that are usually done by humans such as autopilot for flying planes, credit card fraud protection, robotic vacuum cleaners etc.
Increasing processing power and improving AI techniques such as image recognition, touch-sensing and speech recognition.
Autonomous unmanned vehicles have sensors and AI software that allow them to act independently, rather than being controlled remotely by a human
These robots are able to reach places that are too dangerous for humans
We know from National 5 that computing systems can have a negative effect on the environment.
This is caused by the emissions of greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels.
Intelligent systems can help reduce this impact by providing systems that are more efficient in their energy requirements which lead to reduced fuel consumption and lower emissions
Early central-heating systems used thermostats that could be set manually to control the heat emitted by individual radiators and offer some control over the efficiency of the system.
Smart heating systems offer more efficient control by intelligently adapting to the day-to-day use of the system.
Smart heating systems can learn from previous data using activity sensors what temperatures are preferred in which rooms and at what time of the day.
Movement sensors monitor the amount of activity in each room and increase or reduce the heat accordingly.
If the thermostat is connected to the internet or a network (like with the Hive System) it can be manually controlled using an app on a smartphone. This means you can control your heating from a remote location and have the home heated for coming in
Describe two ways that intelligent heating systems such as the HiDoe can be used to reduce the carbon footprint of homes.
2 marks
2017 Q10 e)
Vehicles are considered one of the main contributing sources of greenhouse gas. Studies in the European Union showed that transport causes 25% of all carbon dioxide emissions.
Vehicles consume greater amounts of fuel when they are constantly accelerating and braking in traffic jams. The optimum speed for low fuel consumption and low emissions is between 45 and 65 miles per hour.
Cars with individual navigation systems use satellite info on traffic flow to guide drivers away from congestion and on to more free-flowing routes
Car management systems are ways of reducing fuel consumption of cars and other vehicles.
Start-stop systems will automatically shut down the engine when the car is not moving and in neutral – this reduces the amount of time the engine spends idling, reducing fuel consumption and emissions.
The car will automatically re-start when the accelerator is pressed, which is most advantageous for vehicles that spend significant amounts of time waiting in traffic (at lights or in jams.
Car management systems are ways of reducing fuel consumption of cars and other vehicles.
Start-stop systems will automatically shut down the engine when the car is not moving and in neutral – this reduces the amount of time the engine spends idling, reducing fuel consumption and emissions.
The car will automatically re-start when the accelerator is pressed, which is most advantageous for vehicles that spend significant amounts of time waiting in traffic (at lights or in jams.
Describe an intelligent system used on a car journey that is beneficial for the environment.
Justify your answer.
2 marks
2021 Q3
This topic will likely come up in the exam, although it will only be worth 1 or 2 (usually 2) marks.
Use key words such as sensors and automatically and highlight that by using sensors and automation there is a reduction in energy/ fuel usage
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